Differences in the subgingival microbiome according to stage of periodontitis: A comparison of two geographic regions

Autores organización

• 

  Gloria Ines Lafaurie Villamil

  Autor

• Yineth Neuta Poveda

  Autor

• 

  Diana Marcela Castillo Perdomo

  Autor

• 

  Jinnethe Cristina Reyes Manrique

  Autor

• Yormaris Castillo Romero

  Autor

Autores

• Ríos R
• Pacheco-Montealegre M
• Pianeta R
• Herrera D
• Diaz L
• Sanz M
• Iniesta M

Grupos de investigación

• Unidad de Genética y Resistencia Antimicrobiana UGRA

• Unidad de Investigación Básica Oral UIBO

  

  Investigador

  Gloria Ines Lafaurie Villamil

Resumen

No microbiological criteria were included in the 2018 EFP-AAP classification of periodontal diseases that could be used to differentiate between stages and grades. Furthermore, differences in the subgingival microbiome depending on stage and grade have not been established. Sixty subgingival biofilm samples were collected in Spain (n = 30) and Colombia (n = 30) from three distinct patient categories: those with periodontal health/gingivitis (n = 20), those with stage I-II periodontitis (n = 20), and those with stage III-IV periodontitis (n = 20). Patients were evaluated by 16S rRNA gene amplification sequencing. Amplicon sequence variants were used to assign taxonomic categories compared to the Human Oral Microbiome Database (threshold =97% identity). Alpha diversity was established by Shannon and Simpson indices, and principal coordinate analysis, ANOSIM, and PERMANOVA of the UNIFRAC distances were performed using QIIME2. Although differences in the alpha diversity were observed between samples according to country, Filifactor alocis, Peptostreptococcaceae [XI][G-4] bacterium HMT 369, Fretibacterium fastidiosum, Lachnospiraceae [G- 8] bacterium HMT 500, Peptostreptococcaceae [XI][G-5] [Eubacterium] saphenum, Peptostreptococcus stomatis, and Tannerella forsythia were associated with periodontitis sites in all stages. However, only F. alocis, Peptostreptococcaceae [XI][G-4] bacterium HMT 369, Peptostreptococcaceae [XI][G-9] [Eubacterium] brachy, Peptostreptococcaceae [XI][G-5] [Eubacterium] saphenum, and Desulfobulbus sp. HMT 041 were consistent in stage III-IV periodontitis in both countries. Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia were differentially expressed in severe lesions in the countries studied. Although some non-cultivable microorganisms showed differential patterns between the different stages of periodontitis, they were not the same in the two countries evaluated. Further studies using larger samples with advanced next-generation techniques for high-throughput sequencing of phyla and non-cultivable bacteria within the subgingival microbiome could provide more insight into the differences between stages of periodontitis. © 2022 Lafaurie et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Keywords

• Eubacterium; Gingivitis; Humans; Microbiota; Periodontitis; Porphyromonas gingivalis; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; RNA 16S; RNA 16S; adult; amplicon; Article; bacterial microbiome; biofilm; Colombia; cross-sectional study; Desulfobulbus; Desulfobulbus sp HMT 041; disease association; disease classification; disease severity; Eubacterium; female; Filifactor alocis; Fretibacterium fastidiosum; gene sequence; gingivitis; Gram positive bacterium; high throughput sequencing; human; Lachnospiraceae; major clinical study; male; microbial diversity; mouth flora; mouth lesion; nonhuman; observational study; Peptostreptococcaceae; Peptostreptococcaceae [XI][G 4] bacterium HMT 369; Peptostreptococcaceae [XI][G 5][Eubacterium] saphenum; Peptostreptococcaceae [XI][G 9][Eubacterium] brachy; Peptostreptococcus stomatis; periodontitis; Porphyromonas gingivalis; principal coordinate analysis; Shannon index; Simpson index; Spain; Tannerella forsythia; taxonomic rank; genetics; gingivitis; microbiology; microflo