Association of Serum and Crevicular Fluid Dickkopf-1 Levels with Disease Activity and Periodontitis in Patients with Early Rheumatoid Arthritis

Autores organización

• Maria Consuelo Romero Sanchez

  Autor

• 

  Juliette De Avila Quiroga

  Autor

• Wilson Armando Bautista Molano

  Autor

Autores

• Giraldo S
• Heredia-P AM
• Chila-Moreno L.-N.
• Londoño J
• Valle-Oñate R
• Bello-Gualtero JM

Grupos de investigación

• Grupo de Inmunología celular y molecular Universidad El Bosque (InmuBo)

  Investigador

  Maria Consuelo Romero Sanchez

Resumen

Background: The aim of this study was to assess DKK-1 levels, in Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) and serum, as a biomarker for bone loss and disease activity in periodontitis and early RA (eRA). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we obtained serum and GCF from 10 interproximal sites (Distal Buccal I/S, Mesio Buccal I/S, Distal Palatal/Lingual, Mesio Palatal/Lingual) according to the highest degree of inflammation by a patient for 240 sites from eRA patients. Patients received a periodontal assessment, a radiographic evaluation, tomography of interproximal sites, and DKK1 levels were determined by ELISA. Comparisons were performed by the Mann-Whitney U test and analysis by Chi2 test, and a logistic regression model was applied. Results: The mean age was 46.33 ± 12.0 years, the Disease Activity Score (DAS-28-ESR) was 4.08 ± 1.4. Periodontitis was present in 65.2% of the patients, and 59.6% of these patients had bone loss in interproximal sites. Discussion: Higher GCF-DKK1 levels were associated with serum-DKK1 (OR:2.41 IC95% 1.14-5.09, p=0.021) and were related with DAS28-ESR (p=0.001), Routine Assessment of Patient Index Data 3 (RAPID 3) (p=0.001), and tender joints (p=0.040). Foot bone erosion and juxta-articular osteopenia were associated with high levels of serum-DKK1 (p=0.009 and 0.001, respectively). Serum-DKK1 were associated with SDAI (OR: 2.38 IC95% 1.03-5.52, p=0.043), RAPID 3 (p=0.001), and rheumatoid factor (p=0.018). The GCF-DKK1 levels were associated with periodontal bone loss (p=0.011), periodontitis (p=0.070) and its severity (OR: 2.58 IC95% 2.28-7.28, p=0.001). Bone loss was more frequent in buccal sites (73.5%) and was associated with increased levels of DKK1 (p=0.033). Conclusion: In the early stages of the eRA disease, serum and GCF-DKK1 could be a biomarker for clinical disease activity and periodontal and articular bone erosion. © 2022 Bentham Science Publishers.

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Keywords

• Adult; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biomarkers; Bone Diseases, Metabolic; Cross-Sectional Studies; Gingival Crevicular Fluid; Humans; Middle Aged; Periodontitis; C reactive protein; cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody; dickkopf 1 protein; immunoglobulin G1; immunoglobulin G2; rheumatoid factor; biological marker; adult; Article; bleeding on probing; bone erosion; clinical article; clinical attachment level; cone beam computed tomography; cross-sectional study; DAS28; disease activity; disease severity; enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; erythrocyte sedimentation rate; female; foot bone; gingival index; gingivitis; Health Assessment Questionnaire; human; juxtaarticular osteopenia; male; osteolysis; osteopenia; periodontal parameters; periodontal pocket depth; periodontitis; plaque index; Porphyromonas gingivalis; protein blood level; real time polymerase chain reaction; rheumatoid arthritis; Routine Assessment of Patient Index Data; sandwich ELISA; Simplified Disease Activity Index; visual