Accuracy of cotinine serum test to detect the smoking habit and its association with periodontal disease in a multicenter study

Autores organización

• Diego Fernando Gualtero Escobar

  Autor

Autores

• Duque A.
• Martínez P.-J.
• Giraldo A.
• Ardila C.-M.
• Contreras A.
• Duarte S.
• Lafaurie G.-I.

Unidades de investigación

• Unidad de Investigación Básica Oral UIBO

  

  Investigador

  Gloria Ines Lafaurie Villamil

Resumen

Background: The validity of the surveys on self-reported smoking status is often questioned because smokers underestimate cigarette use and deny the habit. It has been suggested that self-report should be accompanied by cotinine test. This report evaluates the usefulness of serum cotinine test to assess the association between smoking and periodontal status in a study with a large sample population to be used in studies with other serum markers in epidemiologic and periodontal medicine researches. Material and Methods: 578 patients who were part of a multicenter study on blood biomarkers were evaluated about smoking and its relation to periodontal disease. Severity of periodontal disease was determinate using clinical attachment loss (CAL). Smoking was assessed by a questionnaire and a blood sample drawn for serum cotinine determination. Results: The optimal cut-off point for serum cotinine was 10 ng/ml. Serum cotinine showed greater association with severity of CAL than self-report for mild-moderate CAL [OR 2.03 (CI95% 1.16-3.53) vs. OR 1.08 (CI95% 0.62-1.87) ] advanced periodontitis [OR 2.36 (CI95% 1.30-4.31) vs. OR 2.06 (CI95% 0.97-4.38) ] and extension of CAL > 3 mm [ OR 1.78 (CI95% 1.16-1.71) vs. 1.37 (CI95% 0.89-2.11)]. When the two tests were evaluated together were not shown to be better than serum cotinine test. Conclusions: Self-reported smoking and serum cotinine test = 10ng/ml are accurate,complementary and more reliable methods to assess the patient’s smoking status and could be used in studies evaluating serum samples in large population and multicenter studies. Clinical Relevance: The serum cotinine level is more reliable to make associations with the patient’s periodontal status than self-report questionnaire and could be used in multicenter and periodontal medicine studies. © Medicina Oral S.L.

Keywords

• Biomarkers; Cotinine; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Periodontal Diseases; Reproducibility of Results; Self Report; Smoking; cotinine; biological marker; adult; Article; blood analysis; controlled study; diagnostic test accuracy study; enzyme immunoassay; female; gingiva bleeding; gingival index; health survey; human; major clinical study; male; multicenter study; periodontal disease; predictive value; questionnaire; sensitivity and specificity; smoking; blood; clinical trial; complication; middle aged; periodontal disease; reproducibility; self report; smoking