Caries status in young Colombian children expressed by the ICCMS™ visual/radiographic combined caries staging system

Autores organización

• Andrea Del Pilar Cortes Paez

  Autor

• Stefania Martignon Biermann

  Autor

Autores

• Ekstrand K.R.
• Gamboa L.F.
• González L.

Unidades de investigación

• Unidad de Investigación en Caries UNICA

  Investigador

  Stefania Martignon Biermann

Resumen

Objective: To report (1) the caries experience prevalence and mean, and the caries severity and distribution patterns, expressed clinically and combined with radiographs with the conventional and ICCMS™ systems in young children from Bogotá, Colombia; (2) the contribution of including radiographs to the clinical caries scoring and (3) in which surfaces the radiograph adds to the clinical caries registration. Material and methods: Six hundred children from kindergartens/schools were enrolled: Cohort A: 2-year (n = 200), Cohort B: 4-year (n = 200) and Cohort C: 6-year (n = 200) olds. Radiographs were taken of the 4- and 6- year olds. Children were examined clinically using the Clinical (C) and Radiographic (R) ICCMS™-epi Caries Scoring Systems, staging caries lesions (d) as: Initial (Cepi/RA), Moderate (CM/RB) or Extensive (CE/RC). Caries experience including missing (m) and filled (f) surfaces was expressed as follows: clinical conventional (CdMEmfs); clinical ICCMS™ (CdepiMEmfs); combined conventional (C + RdMEmfs) and combined ICCMS™ (C + RdepiMEmfs). Results: The prevalence of CdMEmfs was: Cohort A: 32%; Cohort B: 59%; Cohort C: 67.5%, increasing to 73.5%, 99.8% and 100%, respectively, with the C + R depiMEmfs. The CdMEmfs means doubled when initial caries lesions (Cdepi) and radiographs (R) were included. The d component corresponded to over two-thirds of the caries experience. Findings on the radiographs significantly raised caries experience prevalence and means (p <.02), detecting primarily approximal lesions. Surfaces with highest caries frequency were occlusal/approximal of molar teeth and buccal of upper incisor teeth. Conclusion: Participants’ caries experience was high. The radiographic assessment significantly contributed to caries experience. Molar and upper incisor teeth were most prone to caries. © 2016 Acta Odontologica Scandinavica Society.

Keywords

• Child; Child, Preschool; Cohort Studies; Colombia; Dental Caries; Dental Restoration, Permanent; DMF Index; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Incisor; Male; Molar; Physical Examination; Prevalence; Radiography, Bitewing; Tooth Crown; Tooth Demineralization; Tooth Loss; Tooth, Deciduous; child; cohort analysis; Colombia; deciduous tooth; dental caries; dental restoration; diagnostic imaging; DMF index; female; follow up; human; incisor; male; molar tooth; pathology; physical examination; preschool child; prevalence; procedures; statistics and numerical data; tooth crown; tooth disease; Tooth Loss; tooth radiography